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Siddi
The Siddi (), also known as Siddhi, Sheedi, Habshi or Makrani, are an ethnic group inhabiting India and Pakistan. Members are descended from Bantu peoples from Southeast Africa. Some were merchants, sailors, indentured servants and mercenaries.〔 The Siddi community is currently estimated at around 20,000–55,000 individuals, with :Karnataka, :Gujarat and Hyderabad in India and :Makran and :Karachi in Pakistan as the main population centres. Siddis are primarily Sufi Muslims, although some are Hindus and others Roman Catholic Christians.
== Etymology of name ==
There are conflicting hypotheses on the origin of the name ''Siddi''. One theory is that the word derives from ''sahibi,'' a Arabic term of respect in North Africa, similar to the word ''sahib'' in modern India and Pakistan.〔 A second theory is that the term ''Siddi'' is derived from the title borne by the captains of the Arab vessels that first brought Siddi settlers to India. These captains were known as ''Sayyid''.
Similarly, another term for Siddis, ''habshi'' (from ''Al-Habsh'', the Arabic term for Abyssinia), is held to be derived from the common name for the captains of the Ethiopian/Abyssinian ships that also first delivered Siddi slaves to the subcontinent.〔 Siddis are also sometimes referred to as Afro-Indians. Siddis were referred to as ''Zanji'' by Arabs; in China, various transcriptions of this Arabic word were used, including ''Xinji'' (辛吉) and ''Jinzhi'' (津芝).〔David Brion Davis, ''Challenging the boundaries of slavery'', (Harvard University Press: 2006), p.12〕〔''Ci Hai'' 7(1): (125 )〕〔Roland Oliver, ''Africa in the Iron Age: c.500 BC-1400 AD'', (Cambridge University Press: 1975), p.192〕〔F.R.C. Bagley et al., ''The Last Great Muslim Empires'', (Brill: 1997), p.174〕
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